WHAT IS SPATIAL ANALYSIS?

What is Spatial Statistics(Analysis)?

An uncomplicated definition of Spatial analysis is the technique applied to structures at the human scale, most notably in the analysis of geographic data.

According to Wikipedia, Spatial analysis or spatial statistics includes any of the formal techniques which study entities using their topological, geometric, or geographic properties. The spatial analysis involves a variety of methods, using different analytic approaches and applied in different fields, to chip fabrication engineering, with its use of place and route algorithms to build complex wiring structures.

The process of examining the locations, attributes, and relationships of features in spatial data through overlay and other analytical techniques in order to address a question or gain useful knowledge. Spatial analysis extracts or creates new information from spatial data. These skills have many uses ranging from emergency management and other city services, business location and retail analysis, transportation modeling, crime and disease mapping, and natural resource management.

Spatial analysis can be done using various techniques with the aid of statistics and geographical information systems (GIS).

A GIS facility enables interaction with geographical data in order to enhance the interpretation, accuracy, and prediction of spatial analysis. The spatial analysis involved in GIS can build geographical data and the resulting information will be more detailed than the erstwhile unorganized collected data.

According to the requirement of the end user, a suitable geospatial technique is chosen to be implemented with GIS. The geospatial technique selected will determine the method and classification of analysis employed.

Spatial analysis deals with statistical analysis based on patterns and underlying processes. It is a kind of geographical analysis that interprets patterns of personal characteristics and spatial appearance in terms of geostatistics and geometrics, which are known as location analysis. It involves statistical and manipulation techniques, which could be attributed to a specific geographic database.

Suppose a GIS task is assigned; to record sampling stations chosen in a selected study site with different patterns, by implementing spatial techniques appropriate results can be obtained. These results will further show the sample location’s characteristics such as if it is dispersed or clustered.

Uses of Data Analysis

• Traffic Analysis Health
• Facility Mapping
• Crop Yield Prediction
• Livestock Monitoring Town Planning
• Population Analysis

Fundamentally, spatial analysis is a set of methods producing refined results with spatial correlation. A spatial link is observed between geometric and thematic data and attributes in the data components are identified. Nowadays all GIS software has modules designed to handle spatial data and positions are connected with other features and details either spatial or nonspatial characters