The geographic coordinate system (GCS) is a coordinate system that defines the location of objects in the earth model. It has a spherical shape: a spherical shape. Its unit is a square, usually degrees. The projected coordinate system (PCS) is flat. It contains a GCS but uses mathematics (projection algorithm) and other parameters to turn the GCS into a plane. The unit of measurement is linear, usually in meters.
The identical vicinity on a GCS and a PCS
A GCS is essential for information to recognize in which precisely on earth’s floor it’s miles located. A PCS is essential to attract the information on a flat map.
A GCS is the whole definition of a way to tie coordinate values to actual places on the earth. In addition to a datum, a GCS consists of a high meridian (which specifies the vicinity of 0° longitude), and an angular unit (frequently degrees).
PCS is a complete definition of how to project a specific circular earth model onto a flat map. In addition to projection, PCS also includes a geographic coordinate system (used to define the earth model), a measurement unit (usually meters) and many parameter values that vary according to the projection (false east, central meridian), parallel standards, etc.). They can be used to focus ICS on different regions of the world. Spatial projection refers to mathematical calculations performed to align 3D data on a 2D plane (computer screen or paper map).
Geographic CRS uses a grid that spans the world. This means that every point on the earth is defined using a coordinate system and has the same unit of measurement as the CRS for that particular geographic location. However, the geographic coordinate system is most suitable for global analysis. It is important to note that the distance is tilted according to the latitude and longitude of the CRS.
CRS Latitude/Longitude WGS84 has an origin (0,0) at the intersection of the earth’s equator (latitude 0°) and the prime meridian (longitude 0°). Projection is a mathematical algorithm that determines how to represent a round earth on a flat map. You can view all available projections in ArcGIS from the list of supported map projections.
Projecting data from a circular surface onto a flat surface will cause the data to change visually during mapping. Some areas are stretched, while other areas are compressed. When you look at the entire world map, you will see this distortion. The mathematical calculations used in spatial projection are designed to optimize the relative size and shape of specific regions of the world.
