Creating Cadastral Information System

Creating Cadastral Information System

Cadastral information system is an organized system that records land information, and holdings and describes the spatial and non-spatial entities of parcels and land information. It has the ability to record, store, update and retrieve at will when necessary, all land-related information. A developed Cadastral Information System (CIS) could help store land-related information in a digital form Cadastral Information System (CIS) is a legalized, sophisticated, efficient, and more effective means of capturing, managing (processing), and presenting information on land using the computer system. The benefits of CIS to national development are of great interest to the government and estate developers. The system requires the definition of land parcels using the x and y coordinate system and documenting the attribute data of this parcel. The status of the parcel could either be a certificate of occupancy or right of occupancy and was specified in the CIS. The type of expected building on each parcel, the parcel’s owner, address, and related information are in the CIS.

METHODOLOGIES

The approaches used for creating the CIS are data acquisition, processing, and analysis. 

Data requirement: 

The data to be used will be grouped into primary and secondary data. The primary data will be the spatial and non-spatial data describing the location and information about parcels. These spatial data will be acquired through ground survey and the attribute data will be acquired during the subscription. The spatial data (location data of the parcel) are the coordinates of the boundary points which indicate the location of the parcels. The parcel boundary coordinate will be acquired through a detailed survey using GNSS Survey equipment. The attribute data which are non-spatial information about each parcel such as parcel owners’ information, parcel sizes, purpose, status, etc. are collected during the subscription.

The secondary data were collected from the relevant office covering the Property’s boundary. These are an administrative map of the State, coordinates of controls to connect the survey, and the designed layout plan of the proposed Estate. The master plan of the entire area will be designed by a registered Town planner and approved by the appropriate office covering that location. All necessary land use is indicated on the master plan according to the Topographic survey information provided. Land use types may include house types, clinics, Worship centers, markets/malls, Police Etc.

Hardware and Software Requirement:

The hardware used is a Computer system, GNSS receivers, and its accessories and a Scanner, while the software to be used is AutoCAD 2018 and ArcGIS 10.8

Data Acquisition

The data for the perimeter survey of the estate will be carried out or confirmed using GNSS receivers and their accessories and the parcel spatial data generated through the automatic method from the CAD format of the layout converted in ArcGIS. The acquired data of the perimeter will be plotted in AutoCAD and the designed layout will be exported to ArcGIS and coordinate origin checked and digitized to generate data for the parcel.

Data Processing and Database Creation

The acquired data for the CIS will be used to create comprehensive information for the estate. A geodatabase will be created for the estate using the spatial data and non-spatial data of each parcel. The CIS created will define the estate requirement for building types, information about property owners in the estate, cost of servicing infrastructure within the estate, status of the parcel (developed, undeveloped, certificate of occupancy or right of occupancy), and payment status for the ground rent. The sample database design and modeling are represented in a float chart in figure 1, 2, and 3 below:

Figure 1: Sample Vector Data Model

Figure 2: Sample Entity Relation for Parcel-Based Information System

Figure 3: Sample Area Entity and Attributes

Data Analysis and Presentation 

The CIS created will consist of parcel information and description for all property owners within the estate. The CIS is capable of performing queries at will to retrieve vital information about the estate. It is capable of retrieving information such as sizes of plots, names, and addresses of parcel owners, the status of the plot, and payment status for service charges, certificate of occupancy and ground rent, land used status.

Results

The results of the created CIS for the proposed Estate will be presented in maps and tables. Development of Survey Plan for all Subscribers Printing of Survey Plan on request by the Subscribers can be easily assessed. The results are the digital layout for the estate and a comprehensive database for the estate. The digital layout created contained such information that describes parcel information and includes owners’ details. This information helps the estate developer to know and access the number of subscribers in the estate. The created database could be used by the developer to know those who have not made necessary payments for service charges or ground rent. More also, because the land used type and building type are clearly specified and pictures attached to the database as approved by the development agency, any hostile demolition can be challenged in a court of law. The created CIS can be used by the developer to monitor and track down land owners’ who violate the laws guiding the estate.

Figure 4: Sample Query for CIS

Conclusion

The CIS will assist to manage and control the development of the Estate for proper management and revenue generation from the land resource. The use of survey techniques for data acquisition, and database creation using ARCGIS 10.8 for data acquisition, processing, and analysis was adopted to achieve the implementation of the CIS. The digital cadastral map obtained from the queries of the database shows, parcels, roads, schools, etc., and could be used in achieving the following:

1. Efficient and Sustainable Planning and Development.
2. Efficient Political Administration of the Estate. 
3. Effective inventory and monitoring of the environmental resources. 
4. Improved revenue generation by the estate. 
5. Improved Health-Care, Educational, and Sports. 
6. Effective tax collection by the government.
7. Future Estate planning. 
8. Population Census within the Estate.
9.  Environmental Monitoring. 
10. Fire Protection Plans.

Recommendation 

The estate developers should ensure that they implement CIS for their estate and future design should include and accommodates the fast processing of the certificate of occupancy of land owners in the estate.